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__NOTOC__ }} Tunkhannock Creek Viaduct (also known as the Nicholson Bridge and the Tunkhannock Viaduct) is a concrete deck arch bridge that spans the Tunkhannock Creek in Nicholson, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Measuring long and towering when measured from the creek bed ( from bedrock), it was the largest concrete structure in the world when completed in 1915 and still merited "the title of largest concrete bridge in America, if not the world" 50 years later. Built by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W), the bridge is owned today by Norfolk Southern Railway〔(Norfolk Southern completes acquisition of Delaware & Hudson South Line ), PRNewswire, September 18, 2015〕 and is used daily for regular through freight service. The DL&W built the viaduct as part of its Nicholson Cutoff, which replaced a winding and hilly section of the route between Scranton, Pennsylvania, and Binghamton, New York, saving , 21 minutes of passenger train time, and one hour of freight train time. The bridge was designed by the DL&W's Abraham Burton Cohen; other key DL&W staff were G. J. Ray, chief engineer; F. L. Wheaton, engineer of construction; and C. W. Simpson, resident engineer in charge of the construction. The contractor was Flickwir & Bush, including general manager F. M. Talbot and superintendent W. C. Ritner.〔 == History == Construction on the bridge began in May 1912 by excavating all 11 bridge piers to bedrock, which was up to below ground. In total, excavation for the viaduct removed of material, more than half of that rock. Almost half of the bulk of the bridge is underground. At mid-construction, of concrete had gone into its substructures, and it was estimated that construction would require of concrete and of steel. The steel estimate proved accurate; the bridge ultimately used a bit less concrete than expected: . The bridge was dedicated on November 6, 1915, along with the opening of the Nicholson Cutoff.〔http://www.nicholsonheritage.org/tunkhannock-creek-viaduct/〕 Construction photos along with a short history of the bridge were published by the Nicholson Area Library in a brochure in 1976.〔"The Bridge Was Built," Nicholson Area Library, 1976.〕 It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1977.〔 Since 1990, the local community has celebrated the building of the bridge on the second Sunday of September with "Nicholson Bridge Day", a street fair, parade, and other activities. A 100th-anniversary celebration is planned for September 2015.〔(www.nicholsonbridge100th.com )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tunkhannock Viaduct」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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